中国建立农业生态环境补偿机制的现状与对策

The Current Status and Countermeasures for China to Establish Agro-ecological Environment Compensation Mechanism

健全农业生态环境补偿制度,是农业可持续发展、农民持续稳定增收、生态环境日趋好转的客观要求。在土地退化严重、淡水资源紧张等国际大背景下,公路建设、矿业开发、社会发展等外在因素以及农业污染对生态环境的不利影响,对农业生产造成了一些压力。通过对国内外建立农业生态环境补偿机制的主要做法和成功经验的总结借鉴,以及对推进农业生态环境补偿机制面临的障碍性因素的客观分析,本文认为构建中国农业生态环境补偿机制,应健全科学合理的农业生态补偿管理体系;建立提升农田地力的生态环境补偿制度;采取有效措施,大力促进循环农业发展;等等。

To perfect the institution of agro-ecological environment is an objective requirement for agricultural sustainable development, for the continuously stable increment of farmers, and for the improvement of ecological environment. Under the background that lands are severely deteriorated and fresh water resource is badly needed, there is a higher requirement on agriculture, also because of the external factors, like building of roads, the exploiting of mine, and social development, are having adverse impact on ecological environment. On the bases of summing the main practices and experience of success for establishing an agro-ecological environmental institution both inside and outside of the country, this thesis puts forward that a series of actions should be done, for example, a Chinese agro-ecological environment institution should be settled, an agro-ecological compensation managing institution should be established, an compensational institution to improve soil fertility should be built, and a number of measures should be taken to promote the circulation of agricultural development.