皇家爱丁堡植物园引种中国植物资源多样性及动态

Diversity and Dynamics of Introduced Plant from China in Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh

通过对皇家爱丁堡植物园保存活植物名录数据库的查询,详细整理了近100年来该园从中国引种植物的数据,在此基础上详细分析了爱丁堡植物园引种中国植物的多样性、来源省份及不同阶段引种人(队)、引种主要类群、种类数量等。结果表明,从20世纪初到现阶段,爱丁堡植物园在持续不断地引种中国植物,20世纪80年代前主要以个人收集为主,每年收集成活几种到几十种,到90年代开始有专业考察队参与收集,每年收集成活种类数量有所增加,在90年初收集成活数量最多的一年达500多种,引种地区涉及我国的20余个省(市、地区),其引种较多的地区为云南、四川、西藏和台湾。本研究还探讨了在与生物资源相关知识产权保护日益关注的背景下,中国作为生物多样性大国在生物资源保护方面所面临的问题、挑战与对策。

Based on datas inquired from the database on living collection in Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, we analyzed the introduction of plant resources from China by the Garden in recent century, including the diversity of introduced plants, the source provinces and collection team, main taxa and the total quantity of introduced species in different periods. The results showed that the garden had been introduced Chinese plants incessantly since early 20th century. Before 1980s, the introduction was mainly conducted by individuals and the annual sum of introduced species varied from several to several tens. However, since 1990s many expeditions participated in species collection in China and the annual sum was increasing every year, even reaching 500 species one year. The species were introduced from more 20 provinces of China, especially from Yunnan, Sichuan, Tibet and Taiwan of China. We also discussed conservation-related problems, challenges and potential counter-measures for China, as one of the mega-diverse countries, in the context that growing focus and highlights were given to protect bio-resources-related intellectual property rights.