当代国家安全系统中的国家文化安全问题

On Issue of Cultural Security in Current National Security System

在当代国家安全系统的国家安全构成要素中,既有国民安全、国土安全、经济安全、主权安全、政治安全、军事安全等"原生要素"、"传统要素",也有文化安全、科技安全、生态安全、信息安全等"派生要素"、"非传统要素"。国家文化安全是国家安全系统中的"派生要素",也是当前备受关注的"非传统安全要素"。在最广泛的意义上,"文化"是一个与"自然"相对的概念,文化的本质是社会化,即社会化的过程与结果。国家文化安全的本质是一个国家文化传统的保持与延续,实质是国家的社会特征的保持与延续,关键则在于文化的先进性。从整体上看,有的文化类型会有先进与落后之别(如科学文化、技术文化、政治文化),有的文化类型则通常没有先进与落后之别(如饮食文化、服饰文化、艺术文化)。对于有先进与落后之别的文化类型来说,摒弃、归档和消解落后文化,选择、创造和拥戴先进文化,是保障国家文化安全的关键所在。对于没有先进与落后之别的文化类型来说,一方面要承继、保持、翻新、光大民族的传统文化,另一方面还要拥戴、创造、刷新、拓展民族的时代文化,这是保障国家文化安全的本质要求。当前我国文化安全领域,既存在着不能有力摒弃落后文化、追循先进文化的问题,也存在着过度引入异域文化、没有很好光大和创新本土文化的问题。

Among all elements of the current national security system,in addition to those ＂original＂ and ＂traditional＂ ones such as the security of nationals,territory,economy,sovereignty,political and military security,there are also＂derived＂ and ＂non-traditional＂ ones including the security of culture,science and technology,ecology and information.As one of the ＂derived＂ elements in the national security system,cultural security is a non-traditional factor very much concerned in the contemporary society.In the broadest sense,＂culture＂ is a relative concept as opposed to ＂nature＂,the essence of which is socialization including its process and result.National cultural security is essentially about the maintenance and continuation of national cultural traditions as well as social features,and the key lies in the advanced nature of culture.Generally speaking,while there exist distinctions between advanced and backward cultures in terms of certain types（such as the culture of science and technology,and politics）,there are no differences in other types（for instance,the culture of food,clothes and arts）.For the first types of culture,to abandon,cut down and dispel the backward,choose,create and support the advanced is crucial in protecting the national cultural security.For the second types,on the one hand,we need to inherit,keep,renovate and carry forward the traditions;on the other hand,we should also endorse,produce,refresh and expand the culture of the times.This is the fundamental requirement for the preservation of national cultural security.In the current field of cultural security in China,backward cultures have not been abandoned forcefully,advanced cultures not pursued;foreign cultures have been introduced excessively,and domestic cultures not developed and innovated in a fine way.