长径比对长杆弹垂直侵彻能力影响机制的研究

Study on Effect Mechanism of Aspect Ratio for Vertical Penetration of a Long-Rod Projectile

以长杆弹垂直侵彻半无限靶为研究对象,利用量纲理论,分析了影响侵彻深度的主要因素,采用经验公式和数值仿真对长杆弹侵彻机理进行了系统研究。结果表明:要达到同样的侵彻效率,长径比的增加会增大单位侵彻深度所耗的能量密度;对于具有相同体积的不同弹体,侵彻深度随长径比增加而增大,直至达到某一最大值。研究发现,造成这种现象的主要原因是侵彻过程中后续不稳定阶段产生的漏斗形弹坑和高温影响弹体侵彻,虽然交界面对侵彻深度的影响较大,但与长径比对侵彻效率的影响无明显关系。

The penetration depth is analyzed for a long-rod projectile penetrating semi-infinite target using dimensional theory. Combining numerical simulation and empirical formula studies, the effect mechanism of aspect ratio is systematically investigated. The results show that the normalized energy density consumption by penetration depth increases as increasing of aspect ratio when the penetration efficiency does not change. For the long-rod penetrators with same volume, the penetration depth increases with the increasing of aspect ratio until reaches a maximum value. The main reason of this phenomenon is due to the funnel-shaped crater and high-temperature generated in subsequent unstable stage of penetration. The interface resistance effect has strong influence on the penetration depth, but which has no apparent connection with the aspect ratio of penetrator.