刘咸炘经学观述略

On LIU Xian-xin's Study of Confucian Classics

刘咸炘以为,古时学在官府,其学即六艺,古人不离事而言理,其所谓史者,记实事之称,理即包蕴于其中;六艺者,记六经之实事者也,故曰"六经皆史",是谓六经本体。孔子始以六艺授徒,于是官学变为师学,六艺流为诸子,孔子遂为儒家之祖。然孔子所授者,乃古人道术之全,儒家不足以尽之。道家出自史官,六艺为史官所掌,故孔子者,儒家而兼道家者也。鉴泉既持此见解,于其时经学今、古二派,皆不以为然。古文家以为,六经惟记事,孔子只整齐故事者也。今文家则以六经为孔子自撰,其所载古事皆孔子假托之寓言。鉴泉谓斯二者,一以六经为陈年旧账,一以欺后世为孔子颂;致误之由,则在不明六经本体。孔子传经,教人学做人,故治经实乃为己之学。以此为准论群经之学,于是别有一番见地。

Liu Xianxin held the opinion that the feudal government were in charge of the teaching,what his students learned was the Six Arts.Confucius also taught Six Arts at the beginning of his teaching.In his eyes,Confucius belonged both to Confucianism and Taoism.However,Liu's point was opposed by some classicists.His idea on Confucius was indeed insightful.