中日产妇产后抑郁情况调查及影响因素分析

Study of postpartum depression state and its related factors among Chinese and Japanese parturients

目的探讨中日产妇产后抑郁（postpartum depression，PPD）的发生情况及影响因素。方法在日本东京地区以及中国河南地区医院及社区抽取产后半年内的产妇587例，其中中国产妇352例，日本产妇235例。应用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（Edinburgh postnatal depression scale，EPDS）、12项一般健康问卷（12－item general health questionnaire，GHQ－12）对中日产妇产后抑郁情况及精神痛苦水平进行调查并分析其影响因素。结果352例中国产妇31例检出有抑郁，检出率为8．81％。235例日本产妇有7例检出有抑郁，检出率为2．98％；中国产妇GHQ－12病例检出率亦显著高于日本产妇。分娩方式、有无工作、有无人照看孩子以及精神痛苦水平是影响中日两国产妇产后抑郁发生的因素。结论中国产妇产后抑郁检出率高于日本产妇，其中无工作是影响产后抑郁的危险因素，顺产、有人照看孩子、精神痛苦水平低是保护性因素。

Objective To explore the related factors of postpartum depression among Chinese and Japanese women and analyze the cause of it. Methods 587 delivery women who were from Tokyo, Japan and Henan China were investigated by using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale（EPDS） and 12-item General Health Questionnaire （GHQ-12）, 352 Chinese women included and 235 Japanese women included. Results The incidence of postpartum depression of Chinese women was 31 cases accounting for 8.81% and Japanese women was 7 cases accounting for 2.98%. The number of GHQ- 12 cases were higher in Chinese women than in Japanese women. Through Logistic regression analysis, delivery experi- ence, having job or not, having family support or not, having someone looking after baby or not, the degree of physical pain are related factors were influencing factors of postpartum depression. Conclusions The incidence of postpartum depression of Chinese women was higher than Japanese women. Having no job is the risk factor of postpartum depression. The factors of eutocia, having someone looking after baby, the lower degree of physical pain were protective factors.