《太阳照常升起》中杰克·巴恩斯之精神分析解读

A Psychoanalysis of Jake Barnes in The Sun Also Rises

《太阳照常升起》是美国著名作家海明威的成名作。长期以来小说中的男主人公杰克.巴恩斯一直是学术界争论的焦点。如果用弗洛伊德的精神分析批评学来观照杰克的行为,可以发现战争是导致杰克自我压抑的根本原因,而战争引起的现实性焦虑、神经性焦虑、道德性焦虑则是其自我压抑的心理根源。实际上,杰克自我压抑的目的就是为了摆脱战争阴霾所引起的种种焦虑。通过对杰克自我压抑的表现及原因的揭示,海明威表达了憎恨战争、抨击战争、反对战争的正义心声。

The Sun Also Rises is the break-out novel of the famous American writer Hemingway. Jake Barnes, the hero of this novel, has long been the discussion focus of the academic circle. If we analyze the behaviors of Jake from the perspective of Freudian psychoanalytical criticism, we are going to find that the war is the basic reason for the ego restriction of Jake, while realistic anxiety, nervous anxiety, and moral anxiety are the psychological roots of his ego re- striction. Indeed, the aim that Jake restricts his ego is to extricate him from the anxieties caused by the shadows of the war. By revealing the ego restriction of Jake and its reasons, Hemingway shows his just idea that he hates the war, criti- cizes the war, and opposes the war.