柴油机气门与气门座圈摩擦副磨损机理分析

Analysis on Wear Mechanism of Diesel Engine Valve-Valve Seat Ring Friction Pair

采用台式试验装置模拟内燃机气门与气门座圈的负荷环境和接触条件,通过试验研究了气门与座圈的磨损机理以及气门与座圈磨损的主要影响因素。试验结果表明,气门与座圈的磨损主要来源于气门关闭时的落座冲击和燃烧压力作用下气门在座圈上的滑动,并且与气门的关闭速度、燃烧负荷、气门相对气门座圈的不对中性及气门和座圈的材料选择等工作状态有关。

In this article, loading environment and contact condition of internal combustion engine valve and valve seat ring are simulated with bench test device, the wear mechanism of valve and seat ring and the main factors affecting valve and seat ring wear are studied by test. Test results show that the wear of valve and seat ring is mainly produced by slide of valve on the seat ring that is caused by falling impact and combustion pressure when the valve closes, and the wear is also associated with valve closing velocity, combustion load, non-alignment of valve relative to seat ring and selection of valve and seat ring materials, etc.