2005-2010年凉山彝族自治州梅毒流行特征分析

Epidemic Characteristics of Syphilis in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,2005-2010

目的分析凉山州近年来梅毒发病水平和流行特征,为制订梅毒防制规划提供科学依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法对凉山州2005-2010年梅毒疫情报告资料进行分析。结果 2005-2010年凉山州共报告梅毒病例2 905例,年均报告发病率为11.62/10万,报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势,各年度发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。梅毒各型构成中,以隐性和Ⅰ期梅毒为主,占总患者数的81.48%。无明显季节高峰。女性患者高于男性,男女性别比为0.69∶1,男性年均发病率为9.19/10万,女性年均发病率为14.20/10万,男女梅毒发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病年龄以20～39岁的青壮年为主(66.47%);职业分布以农民为主(61.34%)。结论 2005-2010年凉山州梅毒报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势,应加强卫生宣传和健康教育,提高人群防范意识和防范水平,加强高危人群梅毒筛查和检测,实施有效的综合干预措施,最大限度降低梅毒传播的危险因素。

To analyze the incidence level and epidemic characteristics of syphilis in Liangshan prefec- ture in recent years, provide scientific evidence for developing the plan of syphilis prevention. Methods Report data of syphilis epidemic situations in Liangshan prefecture during 2005 -2010 was analyzed by using descrip- tive epidemiological method. Results Totally 2 905 syphilis cases were reported in Liangshan prefecture during 2005-2010; annual reported incidence was 11.62/10s, with a yearly increasing trend; the differences be- tween incidences each year were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. In various types of syphilis, mainly were latent and primary syphilis, accounted for 81.48% of all the patients. No obvious seasonal peak was observed. There were more female patients than males; and the male to female sex ratio was 0. 69 ： 1 ; the yearly average incidence in males was 9. 19/105 ; in females was 14. 20/10s, and with the statistical difference （P 〈0. 01 ）. The morbidity mainly in the young adults aged 20 - 39 Years, accounted for 66.47% of the total. The occupation mainly was farmer, accounted for 61.34%. Conclusion The reported incidence of syphilis in Liangshan prefecture during 2005 -2010 showed an increasing trend, therefore, to minimize the risk factors of the spreadof syphilis, health promotion and education should be strengthened to improve the prevention awareness and prevention level of the community, syphilis screening and testing among the high - risk population should beenhanced, with the implementation of effective comprehensive interventions.