澳门日间中心老年人抑郁状态与社会网络及日常居家活动能力的相关性分析

Relationships among Depression,Social Network and Activities of Daily Living of Older People in Macao

目的描述澳门日间中心老年人的抑郁状态,并进一步分析与其社会网络及日常、居家活动能力的相关性。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取澳门15个老人日间中心的老年人741名;上门进行问卷调查,主要包括老年抑郁量表、巴氏日常活动能力评估量表、Lawton居家日常活动能力评估量表、Lubben社会网络量表;并将各项指标进一步作Pearson相关检验。结果 200名老年人(27.0%)出现抑郁状态;Pearson相关分析显示,抑郁状态与社会网络(r=-0.315,P<0.01)、日常活动能力(r=-0.219,P<0.01)及居家活动能力(r=-0.246,P<0.01)呈负相关。结论澳门日间中心老年人的抑郁状态不仅与日常活动能力和居家活动能力有关,与其社会网络亦有关;加强社交及日常、居家活动能力有助于改善澳门老年人的抑郁状态。

Objective To explore depression status of community-dwelling older people and to identify relationships among depression,social network and activities of daily living of older people in Macao.Methods A descriptive survey was conducted among 741 older people in 15 day centers in Macao with questionnaires of Geriatric Depression Scale（GDS）,Lubben Social Network Scale（LSNS）,Reduced Item Barthel Index（BI） and Lawton Instrument of Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire（IADL）.Pearson correlation analysis were applied to analyze the results.Results 27.0%（n=200） of the older people had been identified as depressed.Pearson＇s correlation analysis suggested there were negative relationships among depression and social network（r=-0.315,P0.01）,activities of daily living（r=-0.219,P0.01） and instrument of activities of daily living（r=-0.246,P0.01）.Conclusion The factors related to depression of older people include not only activities of daily living,but also their social network.Enhancing social connections and activities of daily living for older people may improve depressive symptoms.