广东荔枝园土壤养分肥力时空变化研究

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Nutrient Fertility on Guangdong Litchi Plantation

采集广东省荔枝主产区果园土壤样本208个,评价土壤养分肥力现状,并与项目组2004年荔枝园土壤调查结果相比,探讨养分肥力的时空变化。结果表明,荔枝果园土壤整体肥力较低且不平衡;不同荔枝主产区土壤养分肥力状况差别很大,镁是荔枝园土壤最普遍缺乏的元素,钙次之;与2004年调查结果相比,荔枝园土壤养分肥力已经发生很大变化,主要表现为碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效钙、有效镁、有效锌明显下降,有效硫、有效硼有所提高,有机质变化不大,从化肥投入量、中微量元素投入意识和荔枝种植模式三方面探讨了时空变化的主要原因。

Soil samples（208） were collected in Guangdong Litchi plantations to evaluate the soil nutrient fertility status by the criteria of National Second Soil Survey.Also,soil analysis result was compared with that of the soil nutrient fertility status in 2004 to reveal the Spatio-temporal variation.The result showed that soil nutrient fertility in Litchi plantation was low and in an imbalance.The status of soil nutrient fertility difference was great in different Litchi plantations.Magnesium was the most commonly deficient in Litchi plantation soil,and calcium took second place.Compared with 2004,soil fertility of Litchi plantation changed greatly,with an obvious decrease of available nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesium and zinc,as well as an increase of available sulphur and boron.Little variation of organic matter was detected.The Spatio-temporal variation was mainly contributed to the input amount of chemical fertilizer,commitment of secondary and micro element,and Litchi cultivation model as well.