基于PSR模型的干旱区绿洲城市生态安全评价——以乌鲁木齐市为例

Oasis City Ecological Security Assessment Based on PSR Model in Arid Area——Case Study of Urumqi

基于压力-状态-响应（PSR）概念模型,构建度量干旱区绿洲城市乌鲁木齐市生态安全的评价指标体系,选取熵权法对各指标赋权,通过模糊综合评价法并借助SPSS软件,对乌鲁木齐市1999~2008年生态安全水平动态变化进行计算、分析、评价。结果表明：近10年乌鲁木齐市生态安全水平总体上呈现向不安全状态发展的趋势。1999~2008年间不安全隶属度逐渐增大,相反,理想安全和较安全隶属度却逐年减少,临界安全隶属度呈现在2003~2005年增加,2006~2008年减少的趋势。提高乌鲁木齐市生态安全的重要因素是调整人类活动对环境的影响。

Based on the pressure-status-response（PSR） conceptual model,this paper constructs the ecological security evaluation index system of Urumqi.It selects the entropy method to empower all indicators.Using the Fuzzy Comprehensive evaluation and the SPSS software,ecological security dynamic changes of Urumqi from 1999 to 2008 are calculated,analyzed and evaluated.The paper draws a conclusion that the level of ecological security of Urumqi shows a trend to insecurity over the past decade.During this period of time,the insecurity membership grade has increased;on the contrary,the ideal safe and more secure membership grades have decreased over the years,and the critical safety membership has increased from 2003 to 2005 and declined from 2006 to 2008.To improve the ecological security of Urumqi,the most important factor is adjusting human activities on the environment.