西拉葡萄相关酵母菌群的分布研究

Distribution of Wine Yeast Flora Associated with Syrah

探讨我国不同产区西拉葡萄(Syrah)上的酵母分布规律,为本土酵母资源的利用和特色葡萄酒的生产提供依据。从河北沙城、河北昌黎和甘肃武威3个产区采集西拉葡萄,利用WL营养琼脂培养基从葡萄果粒上分离代表性酵母菌株,采用形态学鉴定法和5.8S-ITS rDNA PCR-RFLP分子生物学鉴定法对代表性菌株进行分类鉴定,进而探讨不同产区西拉葡萄果粒酵母的物种多样性及其分布。结果表明,西拉葡萄样品分离的酵母分属于5个属的6个菌种,分别为葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母(Hanseniaspora uvarum)、浅黄隐球酵母(Cryptococcus flavescens)、发酵毕赤酵母(Pichiafermentans)、浅白隐球酵母(Cryptococcus albidus)、发酵接合酵母(Zygosaccharomyces fermentati)和假丝酵母属的Candida zemplinina。其中,葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母和浅黄隐球酵母是优势菌种,在3个产区均有广泛分布。

The aim of this study was to investigate the yeast distribution on Syrah cultivated in three representative vine-growing regions of China and to provide evidence for.Three grape samples of Syrah were isolated from Shacheng of Hebei province,Changli of Hebei province and Wuwei of Gansu province.WL nutrient medium was used for selecting the representative yeast strains and morphology clustering analysis.Yeast species diversity was evaluated by morphology characteristics and polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism（PCR-RFLP） analysis of the 5.8S internal transcribed spacer（ITS） rDNA region of selected yeast strains.The results showed that six different yeast species belonging to five genera were detected on the grape samples tested,including Hanseniaspora uvarum,Cryptococcus flavescens,Pichia fermentans,Cryptococcus albidus,Zygosaccharomyces fermentati,and Candida zemplinina.H.uvarum and C.flavescens were the dominant species and present in all regions.