100例骨科老年患者手术风险因素分析

目的探讨骨科老年患者于术后出现相关并发症或者死亡的风险因素。方法选取自2009年1月～2010年12月收入骨科的100例行中等以上手术的老年患者(≥60岁)的临床资料进行回顾性分析,将潜在性的手术风险因素作为参考变量,对术后出现死亡以及其他各种术后并发症进行统计学分析。结果术后患者死亡3例,死亡率为3%,出现1个或1个以上的术后并发症占总数的25%。经统计学分析发现,关节置换术、肺部感染、心肺功能分级、脑梗塞、肾功能不全、体能状况评估及神志状况是手术后死亡及出现并发症的主要原因。结论通过正确评估患者耐受手术风险的能力及手术可能造成的影响,积极调整患者的身体状况或者改变手术方式,能够一定程度上降低术后的并发症以及死亡的发生率。

Objective To explore the elderly orthopedic patients in postoperative complications related to the risk of death or factors. Methods In our hospital from 2009 January to 2010 December income of 100 orthopaedic routine operation above the average elderly patients （ 60 years） were retrospectively analyzed, the potential operation risk factors as reference variables on postoperative deaths and a variety of other postoperative complications were statistically analyzed. Results Patients with postoperative death in 3 cases, the mortality rate was 3%, 1 or more than 1 postoperative complications accounted for 25% of the total. By statistical analysis, joint replacement, pulmonary infection, heart and lung function, cerebral infarction, renal insufficiency, physical fitness assessment and mental status is operation after death and complications are the main causes. Conclusion Through the correct evaluation of patients with operation risk tolerance ability and operation may be caused by impact, actively adjust the patient＇s physical condition or changing the operation mode, can reduce the postoperative complications and the incidence of death.