爱尔兰母亲或大母神——叶芝剧作《胡里痕的凯瑟琳》中的民族精神悖论

The Mother of Ireland or the Great Goddess:The Paradox of National Spirit in W.B.Yeats' Play Cathleen Ni Houlihan

《胡里痕的凯瑟琳》是叶芝最重要的剧作之一,也是爱尔兰民族戏剧运动的一座里程碑。本文通过对该剧文本和历史语境的分析,集中阐发了在这一政治文化意象中凝聚的爱尔兰民族精神悖论:作为爱尔兰母亲,她召唤民族之子献身于爱尔兰的解放事业;作为大母神,她又不断地煽动狭隘、事仇的民族主义情绪和暴力的群众政治。正是这一民族精神悖论,培育了叶芝对爱尔兰的矛盾情感,并影响他创造性的生命轨迹和个人的情感历程。

Cathleen Ni Houlihan is one of the important plays written by W. B. Yeats, as well as a milestone in the Irish nationalist play movement. By analysis on the text and historical context of this play, this paper focus on the paradox of the Irish national spirit condensed on this political cultural image： as an Irish mother, she calls for national sons to dedicate in the cause of Irish liberation ; as a Great Goddess, she continuously instigates the narrow and hostile mood of nationalism and the violence of mass politics. It is just for this paradox of national spirit Yeats has cultivated a contradicted feeling to Ireland, which has affected his innovative life track and his personal course of emotion.