中华鲟脑的形态学观察

Morphological Study on Brain of Acipenser sinensis Gray

采用常规解剖方法,用福尔马林对中华鲟(A cipenser sinensis)脑组织固定并对其外部形态进行观察绘图。观察发现,中华鲟的脑分为端脑、间脑、中脑、小脑、延脑5部分,其中端脑比较发达。嗅脑的嗅叶没有分化,紧贴在大脑的前方,嗅叶前方有一对较长的嗅神经与嗅囊相连。嗅脑的后方紧接着大脑。大脑呈圆球状,中央有纵沟将其隔成左右两部,内部各有一侧脑室,其背壁无神经组织。间脑位于大脑后方,是嗅觉、味觉和其他类型的感觉兴奋的调节中枢,间脑在腹面观察最清晰,前方有视神经,形成视交叉。小脑是位于中脑后方的一个椭圆形或圆球形体,较大。中华鲟的延脑较大,位于脑的最后方,前面部分呈球状隆起,相当于鲤鱼的迷走叶部分,后面部分较细,与脊髓相连接。

Anatomy of the conventional method,Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis) brain was used as experimental material.Formalin was used to fix brain tissue and its external morphology was observed.There are five parts in Chinses sturgeon including telencephalon,diencephalon,midbrain,cerebellum and medulla.One side is more developed.There is no differentiation of the brain olfactory lobe,close to the front of the brain.Olfactory lobe in front of a pair of long olfactory nerve is connected with the olfactory sac.Dorsal view,showing sulcus and the longitudinal groove between the two hemispheres is divided into distinct right and left hemispheres.Immediately behind the brain olfactory brain,cylindrical spherical brain,central to a longitudinal groove around it is separated into two,each within the lateral ventricles,the dorsal wall without nerve tissue.In the brain between the brain behind,for the smell,taste and other types of feeling excited regulation center,often in the brain covered by a pair of optic lobes.Observed between the ventral surface of the brain in the most clear,in front of the optic nerve,chiasm formation.Cerebellum is located in the back of the head of a partial oval or spherical shape.Longitudinal groove surface of the cerebellum and the transverse groove,seems larger.Medulla in the brain of the last square,elongated triangles,the former after the narrow width.