单排方形多孔鱼礁保滩促淤的试验研究

Experimental study on single-row artificial reefs for beach protection and siltation promotion

通过断面波浪模型试验,开展了单排方形多孔鱼礁对波浪的消减效果及其对水质点运动轨迹影响的研究.结果表明:人工鱼礁对波浪破碎、波面形态及波高消减有较大影响;礁后底层水质点水平运动轨迹表现为向岸流速呈余弦分布,而离岸流速在0附近呈现不封闭状态.从岸滩地形响应可见,礁体可使礁后一定范围底层泥沙向岸运移,掩护区域的超饱和悬浮泥沙落淤.试验研究在一定程度上揭示人工鱼礁保滩促淤机理,探索了人工鱼礁对波浪的消减规律及岸滩地形的响应,为利用人工鱼礁进行海滩侵蚀的防护提供了科学依据.

By using the cross-section wave model, we make studies of some impacts of single-row artificial reefs on wave reduction and trajectory of water particle motion in this paper. Artificial reefs＇ hydrodynamics features such as breaking wave, reducing incoming wave, as well as current pattern and shoreline adjusting behind the artificial reefs are presented. Results of test data analysis show that the artificial reefs weaken wave carrying sediment capacity substantially, so that sediment may deposit in the lee of artificial reefs. To a certain extent, the artificial reefs can prevent the loss of offshore sediment, as the current pattern of back reefs. The research result will provide a scientific basis for beach protection and siltation promotion projects by using artificial reefs.