巴马和贵州小型猪在冠状动脉支架评价中的应用

Application of Bama and Guizhou Mini-swine in Coronary Artery Stent Evaluation Model

目的通过比较成年巴马小型猪和贵州小型猪的冠状动脉分型、血管弯曲度、左、右冠状动脉直径和植入支架直径,长期饲养后动物体重变化,探讨两种品系小型猪在冠状动脉支架评价中的应用。方法巴马小型猪9只,贵州小型猪12只,雌雄兼用。常规麻醉动物后,称重,行冠状动脉造影,目测冠脉直径,以过膨胀方式植入支架,再次行冠脉造影观察支架贴壁情况。术后常规饲养动物,饲喂阿司匹林和氯吡格雷抗凝。于支架植入后26周,再次麻醉动物,称重,行安乐死。比较两次实验动物体质量变化,由介入医师根据冠状动脉造影图像分析冠脉分型、血管弯曲度,采用图像分析软件测量植入支架段冠状动脉的最小直径和参考直径。结果两组动物均完成支架植入实验并存活至实验终点,死亡率0%。经过26周饲养,巴马小型猪的体质量变化显著小于贵州小型猪(P<0.001)。两种小型猪冠状动脉均为右优势型,血管弯曲度<30°。巴马小型猪的左冠状动脉前降支的参考直径和最小直径以及植入支架型号与贵州小型猪无统计学差异(P>0.05)。巴马小型猪的右冠状动脉的参考直径明显小于贵州小型猪(P<0.05),最小直径和植入支架型号无统计学差异(p>0.05)。结论利用活体、动态的冠状动脉造影分析,发现巴马和贵州小型猪的成年动物冠状动脉分型均一且与人类一致;血管弯曲度小、易于进行介入导管操作;主要分支直径适合植入直径2.75 mm或3.0 mm规格的冠脉支架。在慢性实验饲养过程中,成年动物的体重变化不大。因此,两种品系小型猪均适合冠脉支架评价研究。

Objective The aim of this study is to summarize the characters,limitation and technical main point of Bama and Guizhou mini-swines＇ coronary artery and evaluate the application of the two strains of swine in coronary stent model.Methods Nine Bama and 12 Guizhou mini-pigs were used,male and female.After general anesthesia,the animals were weighed and the right femoral artery was exposed.Then coronary angiography was performed and recorded.Coronary stent was chosen according to the diameter of left anterior descending and right coronary artery by visual observation and implanted by overexpansion（artery diameter∶stent diameter=1∶1.2）.Coronary angiography was repeated to investigate the adherence of stent.The pigs were fed a standard laboratory chow after stinting until they were anesthetized again 26 weeks later.The style,curvature and diameter of coronary artery were detected by catheter doctor depending on the coronary angiography.Results All animals survived 26 weeks and had right-side dominance type coronary artery with curvature 30°.There was no statistic difference in the diameter of LAD between Bama and Guizhou mini-swine（P0.05）.The diameter of RCA in Bama was smaller than that in Guizhou（P0.05）.The diameter of stent was no statistic different either in LAD or RCA between Bama and Guizhou（P0.05）.The weight changing of Bama was bigger than that of Guizhou（P0.001）.Conclusions In our study,the adult animal of both Bama and Guizhou was found with right-side dominance type just like human.The curvature of LAD or RCA is suitable to intervention.The diameter of stent is 2.75 mm or 3.0 mm can be implanted easily.Both Bama and Guizhou are fit for coronary stent model through a live and dynamic coronary angiography analysis.