中国劳动力市场灵活性与稳定性的影响因素研究

Research on Influencing Factors on Flexibility and Stability of China's Labor Market

考虑到制度性因素的影响最终要反映到市场各要素及其运行机制中,本文侧重于分析非制度性因素对劳动力市场的作用。从宏观因素来看,产业结构的调整、非正规就业的增加、技术进步的加速都加剧了中国劳动力市场的灵活化、降低了就业的稳定性。从微观因素来看,虽然受教育程度对劳动力市场稳定性的影响带有不确定性,但人口因素与企业特征等因素均显示中国劳动力市场的灵活性在增加,而稳定性在下降。因此,各因素综合作用的结果必然使得中国劳动力市场呈现灵活有余而稳定不足的特点。

Among extensive literature, influencing factors on the labor market flexibility and stability cau be divided into non - institutional factors and institutional factors. Taking the effect of institutional factors finally to be reflected in various elements of market and its operating mechanism into account, the paper focuses on the analysis of the role of non - institutional factors in labor market. From the view of macro factors, industrial structure adjust- ment, increase in informal employment and accelerative development of technology all have exacerbated the flexibil- ity of China＇s labor market and reduced employment＇s stability. From the view of micro factors, although the influ- ence of educational level on the market＇s stability brings uncertainty, both demographic factors and firn characteristics and etc. show the increase in flexibility of China＇s labor market with the decline in stability. The trend of overall decline in stability of labor market led to a series of socio - economic issues, such as labor disputes, mass inci- dents issues, fair distribution of income, social security system of migrant workers and enterprises＇ human capital accumulation, etc.