从语境顺应看《菊与刀》中的耻感文化

A TENTATIVE APPROACH TO SHAME CULTURE IN THE CHRYSANTHEMUM AND THE SWORD FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CONTEXTUAL ADAPTABILITY

本尼迪克特在她的《菊与刀》中指出日本文化是不同于欧美"罪感文化"的"耻感文化"。Verschueren认为,人们使用语言的过程实际上是一个不断选择语言的过程。本文在顺应论理论框架下对《菊与刀》中的"耻感文化"进行了语境顺应性的分析。通过分析耻感文化背景下的日本人在交际过程中是如何对交际语境进行动态顺应并作出相应的语言选择,进一步探讨了语言的选择与文化语境的密切关系。

In The Chrysanthemum and the Sword,Benedict declares that the national culture of Japan is a ＂shame culture＂ rather than a ＂guilt culture＂.In Verschueren＇s Adaptation Theory,it is believed that language use must be constituted by continuous choice making.Based on the theoretic framework of Adaptation Theory,this paper makes an analysis of contextual adaptability of shame culture advocated in The Chrysanthemum and the Sword.Based on an analysis of shame culture and its influences on the Japanese＇s selection of language use,this paper makes a further discussion of the relationship between language choice-making and cultural context.