水稻价格保护制度:历史演变、现实困境与政策建议

Historic Evolution,Realizing Predicament and Policy Suggestions for Rice Price Protection System

2010年我国粮食总产量实现了"七连增",然而粮食依然处于供求紧平衡的状态,水稻作为我国首要的粮食作物,是老百姓最重要口粮之一,研究如何通过价格的手段保证水稻增产、稻农增收意义重大。在全面回顾和总结我国水稻价格保护制度演变历程的基础上,认为:现行价格保护存在收购价格水平偏低、收购价格范围偏小、收购价格时间偏短、收购主体偏少等问题;建议提高水稻保护价格,扩大稻谷最低收购价格政策区域,延长稻谷最低收购价格政策实施的时间,构建多元稻谷储备主体,将稻谷价格保护制度法制化以及构建稻谷目标价格制度等。

Up to 2010,China＇s total grain production realized consecutive seven years growth,however,grain supply is still only meeting the demand.Rice,as chief grain crop,is one of the most important grain rations.Research on how to use pricing method to ensure rice production growth and increasing the income of the peasants who plant rice is of great significance.On the basis of overall reviewing and summarizing the evolution process of China＇s rice price protection system,this paper believes that current rice protection system has such problems as lower purchase price level,smaller range of rice purchase price,shorter purchase time,fewer purchase units and so on.China should raise rice protection price,broaden the range of minimum purchase price of rice,prolong the time for implementing rice minimum purchase price policy,build multiple rice reserve subjects,legalize rice price protection system and construct rice objective price system.