基于模糊评价的安全感知与车速相关性分析

Relationship between driver safety cognition and vehicle speed based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

为研究道路安全水平的主观认知对运行车速的影响,进行了实车试验,通过50份问卷调查确定了对安全影响权重较高的道路评价指标,随机选取719位驾驶人对试验路段的平曲线、竖曲线以及行车视距进行了主观评价,统计并建立了被试人员对行驶路段安全性的模糊综合评价模型,同时采集了驾驶人在各评价路段的运行车速值.研究结果表明:基于模糊综合评价方法所建立的驾驶人主观安全感知模型的道路安全水平评价结果与行车车速之间有较强的相关性,当驾驶人认为路段安全性较差时,会选择较低的车速值进行驾驶,以保证行车安全,反之则会提高运行车速;能够很好地模拟驾驶人根据自身的主观安全感知对行车车速进行选择的决策过程.

To evaluate the effect of driver subjective cognition of highway safety level on vehicle speed,the real vehicle experiment was designed.Fifty drivers were invited to determine the weight of the highway parameters which is related to driving safety.Based on the subjective evaluation of 719 drivers on highway safety level of horizontal,vertical alignments and sight distance,the fuzzy comprehensive model of safety level was established,and the driving speeds at different section of evaluated highway were collected.The results show that the vehicle speed on each road section is closely related with the subjective cognition of road safety level which is based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model.Considering the insecurity of next approach road section,the driver will decrease the speed to ensure safety.The evaluation model is effective for simulating the process that driver chooses safe speed based on safety degree of highway.