秦岭地区土地利用/土地覆被变化趋势分析

Study on land use/land cover change of Qingling Mountains in Shaanxi Province during 1990-2007

对秦岭地区三期TM影像进行解译,通过建立土地利用转移矩阵和一套数理统计模型对土地利用/土地覆被变化进行分析.结果显示:1990～2007年间,秦岭地区以林草地为主,前期除建设用地增加外,其他用地面积有少量的减少.后期的变化较前期来说更明显,耕地急剧减小,林草地快速增长,建设用地和水域增加,未利用地减少.总体上来说,1990～2000年间,秦岭地区土地处于双向准平衡状态;2000～2007年,秦岭土地属于单向不平衡状态,这说明土地利用/覆被有向不平衡状态发展的趋势.

By using TM images in 1990, 2000 and 2007 covering Qingling Mountains, spatial data about LUCC was obtained with the combination of visual interpretation and the decision tree classification. Then LUCC was analyzed through the matrix of the transfer of land-use change based on GIS technique and the statistical model. The results showed that, forest and grass was widely distributed in Qinling Mountains; except the increase of built-up land, other types reduced a little in the fore period. At the later state, the phenomenon of LUCC was obvious. The farmlands decreased sharply while the area of forest and grass land rise drastically. The built-up land and water enlarged, but the area of unused land decreased. Compared to the quasi-balanced status during the period of 1990 and 2000, the land use/land cover was at the imbalanced status in the later stage. Therefore the trend of the LUCC of Qingling Mountains was from balance to imbalance.