欧盟可交易白色证书机制的发展及启示

Development of Tradable White Certificate Schemes in EU and its Enlightenment to China

在全球能源危机及气候变暖的背景下,近几年,可交易白色证书机制在欧盟发展迅速。可交易白色证书机制可以分为两部分:节能义务和白色证书交易体系,是指设定节能目标分配给责任主体,并通过市场交易,促进节能工作的有效开展。文章主要介绍可交易白色证书机制的基本原理、组成结构、运行机制和基本规则等,在比较分析意大利、英国、法国等欧盟国家的实践经验基础上,提出可供中国借鉴学习的经验。

In recent years, tradable white certificate schemes have been introduced in a number of Member States of the European Union to respond to global energy crisis and climate warming. These schemes were based on quantified energy savings obligations imposed on energy distributors or suppliers, coupled with a possibility to trade white certificates （energy saving certificates）. This paper described the concept and the main elements of tradable white certificate schemes, and analyzed the existing schemes in EU, especially in Italy, Great Britain and France in order to propose the point that China can learn experiences from tradable white certificate schemes to promote energy saving.