利用餐厨垃圾中的油脂生产生物柴油技术与政策问题研究

Study on technology to produce bio-diesel by using grease extracted from kitchen waste and its relevant policy

本文依据对一个饭店隔油池垃圾量不间断的测定,发现地沟油的量与饭店食用油消费量以及肉类消费量直接相关,并依据全国油料种植、食用油进口量以及肉类消费量得到全国废弃油脂的量为300～1400万t;对地沟油和泔水油管理领域可能出现的问题进行了分析。提出了隔油池垃圾与餐厨垃圾分类处理的理念;分析了地沟油与泔水油生产生物柴油的技术路线与质量标准,指出泔水油宜采用碱法、地沟油宜采用酸法生产生物柴油;提出了相关的政策建议。

The relation between the quantity of waste grease and oil is directly related to consumption of edible oil, fish and meat based on the continuous investigation of grease trap waste from restaurant. The estimated quantity of waste grease in China ranges from 3 - 14 million tons per year based on the area of oil- rich agriculture plantation, imported edible oil and total consumption of fish and meat. The scenario of waste grease management is analyzed. The conception of separately treatment of grease trap waste and food residue is put forward. It analyzes the technological processed from waste grease extracted from grease trap waste and waste oil from food residue to produce bio-diesel, and discusses the quality of the biodiesel obtained. The best way to convert waste oil from food residue is the alkali catalysis and that of waste grease from grease trap waste is acid catalysis. And then it puts forward and discusses relevant policy suggestions.