从历史到谶纬——先唐师旷形象演变考论

From History to Apotheosis——The Image Evolution of Shi Kuang before Tang Dynasty

师旷是先唐文化系统中的一个重要人物,他最初出现于先秦史书中。在这些著作中,他的形象具有精通音律、博学多识等特点;在诸子寓言中,师旷也是一个经常出现的角色,他的形象基本按照史书的原型构建并有所发展。由于汉晋谶纬之风的浓厚,师旷的形象在这个时期发生了重要的改变,这一点体现于托名他的众多著作和魏晋小说中对他形象的正面描写上。师旷形象演变的情况反映了汉晋谶纬对于先唐文言小说的发展所产生的影响。

Shi Kuang was an important figure in the cultural system before Tang Dynasty.He first appeared in the history books before the Qin Dynasty as a master of knowledge and music skills.In the later fables and fictions,Shi Kuang still played an importent role and his image was in accordance with the historical image.Because the divination flourished in the Han and Jin Dynasties,Shi Kuang＇s image had undergone major changes,which was reflected in many books named by Shi Kuang and novels describing Shi Kuang directly.The evolution of Shikuang＇s image reflected the deification of divination made in the novels before Tang Dynasty.