“有官人”与宋代科举论略

On the "Officer" and Examination in Song Dynasty

"有官人"是宋代科举考试中的一个特殊人群。他们凭着祖荫获得官职,却依然试图通过科举考试获得更好的晋升。朝廷赋予了"有官人"在科举考试中的特权,但也在某些方面进行限制,如"有官人"不能成为状元。他们与一般士子的考试方式有所不同,朝廷甚至对他们的实践能力提出了更为严格的要求,客观上有利于"有官人"在职位上更好地展现管理、经济等方面的才能。

The ＂officer＂ is a special group of people in the imperial examination in Song Dynasty.They get their official positions by means of influence from their ancestors,but they are still trying to pass the imperial examinations to obtain a better promotion.The court gives them privilege in the examinations,but it is still strict in some ways： for example,they can not become number one scholars.They are tested differently from general scholars.And even the court gives them more demanding requirements,which is objectively beneficial to the passed officer to show their ability like management and economy in his position.