工业结构变化与结构效应分析——以宁夏为例

Analysis of Industrial Structural Change and Structural Effect——Taking Ningxia Autonomous Region for Example

工业化过程中,资源要素在产业之间重新配置导致的工业结构变动是总体增长的一个重要因子。因此按照要素密集度界定产业类型,并对工业结构效应进行研究更加具有意义。笔者以宁夏1997年～2008年工业行业数据为分析基础,对工业劳动生产率、资本生产率和全要素生产率增长进行分解发现生产效率的提升主要来自于产业内增长效应,结构转移效应虽然也起着一定的作用,但其贡献并不显著,甚至呈现出逐渐降低的趋势。值得注意的是,不同分解效应对不同产业类型生产率增长的贡献各异,不同产业类型对总体生产率增长的贡献也有着显著差异。劳动密集型产业及资本密集程度较高的产业类型对整个工业劳动生产率和资本生产率的增长起着主要作用,全要素生产率增长则主要来自于劳动密集型产业和资本技术密集型产业。

In the process of industrialization,structural change due to reallocation of resources factor is an important factor of aggregate growth.So it is of great significance to define the type of industry according to factor intensity and research industrial structure effect.Based on the data of the industries of Ningxia Autonomous Region from1997 to 2008,by decomposing the growth in industrial labour productivity,capital productivity and total factor productivity,the authors found that the growth of productivity is largely dominated by the growth effect within the industry.Though structural shift effect plays some part in productivity growth,it is not so apparent,even taking on a gradually downward trend.It is noticable that different decomposition effects make different contributions to productivity growth of various types of industries and the contributions of different types of industries to aggregate productivity growth are also obviously different.Labour intensive industries and capital intensive industries play the major role in the growth of the total industrial labour productivity and capital productivity,but the growth in total factor productivity is mainly from labour intensive industries and capital-and-technology intensive industries.