明清时期高粱栽培技术研究

Research on the Sorghum's Cultivation Techniques in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

高粱是我国重要的旱粮作物,明清时期的古籍(包括古农书和地方志)对其记载颇多,内容涉及名实考辨、轮作、选地、播种、田间管理、收获贮存及加工利用状况。明清时期高粱的栽培技术日臻成熟,人们在其种植栽培上,注重与豆类、棉花间作套种;遵循"种之以时,择地得宜,用粪得理"原则,提倡早种早收,注重田间管理,倡导及时收获。明清时期高粱已成为我国人民赖以生活的重要作物。发展至现代,高粱在我国南北地域都有栽培,是我国重要的粮食作物、旱地、盐碱地栽培作物,而且其饲用作物和能源作物的地位愈加突出。

Sorghum is an important dry crop in China.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,there were a lot of records about sorghum,which related to its name research,crop intercropping,site selection,planting,field management,harvest storage and processing utilization in ancient books（including ancient agricultural and local history books）.With the maturing techniques in sorghum＇s cultivation at that time,the ancient emphasis was on sorghum intercropping with beans,cotton;following the principles of ＂species of the order,reasonable choice of sites and optimal use of manure＂,the ancients promoted early species of early closing,paid attention to field management,advocated timely harvest in sorghum＇s cultivation.Sorghum had been the important crop in the lives of our people in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Nowadays,sorghum is cultivated from north to south of China and becomes an important food,dry and saline crop.As one of forage and energy crops,the status of sorghum turns even more prominent.