我国护理本科教育与现实差距的调查分析

Investigation and analysis on difference between undergraduate nursing education and the reality in China

[目的]探讨护理本科生内心期望值与现实需求的差异。[方法]对已毕业的347名本科护生进行座谈、问卷调查,了解临床实习期间及参加工作后遇到和发现的问题;对21名护理管理人员及107名带教老师进行座谈、问卷、访谈调查,了解其对护理本科生的操作能力、科研能力、稳定性、特殊贡献的评价,分析原因并针对性干预。[结果]护理本科生在心理落差、福利待遇、工作环境等方面的总满意度为18.52%,不满意度为21.69%;护理管理人员及带教老师对护生操作能力、科研能力、稳定性、特殊贡献方面的满意度25.59%;护理管理人员意见集中在本科生要求多,问题多,贡献相对少,专业性不强,不安心工作等。[结论]本科护生进入临床初期存在学校-临床空档期,与临床及社会的实际需求有差距,科研和创新能力不足是本科护理教育不足之处,贴近临床的教学更有助于培养实用性高级护理人才。

Objective：To probe into the difference between the expectations value of undergraduate nursing students and the reality demands. Methods：A total of 347 undergraduate nursing students were investigated by informal dis cussion and filling out questionnaire. To know about the problems facing them in the workplace during their clinical internship and in actual work. And 21 nursing administrators and 107 nursing teachers were investigated by informal discussion, filling out questionnaires and interviews. To know about the evalua- tion on manipulation ability, scientific research ability, stability and special con- tributions of undergraduate nursing students, the causes were analyzed and corresponding interventions were provided. Results：The total satisfaction degree of nursing students in expectation realization,job benefits,and work environment was 18.52%. And dissatisfaction degree of them was 21. 69%. The satisfaction degree of nursing administrators and teachers on manipulation ability, scientific research ability, stability and special contributions of undergraduate nursing students was 25.59%. The complaints of nursing administrators were focused on the young nurses＇ more expectation and demands, relatively a few contribution,lack of nursing skills, weak of specialty, poor stable on the job. Conclusion：There was a vacancy between university education and workplace demands for young undergraduate nursing students between their early work experiences and in the clinical setting. Lack of research and innovative abilities were the weak aspects of undergraduate nursing education. Therefore, education that more closely to the clinical care could help to train practical high level nursing talents.