“有界”与“无界”:二律背反命题界限域的认知语言诠释

"Bounded" and "Unbounded":An Interpretation of the Antinomic Term of Boundary from the Perspective of Cognitive Language

"有界"与"无界"是语言学概念中的哲学意义上的二律背反,是认知主体对其在时间、空间、性状和心理上的投射。通过分析梳理可以解释语言符号形式或多或少地映射事物本身的特点,在不同程度上反映主体的认知方式,并且与数量词起制约作用有关的一系列句法现象。但对于两者概念的确立与区分,必须适应一定的"认知域"和对其作主观上的"识解"。在"有界"和"无界"范围之间存在着无限的"准有界"的认知体,"有界"认知体是认知原型,具有容易学习、记忆、使用等完形特征。"无界"的认知体因为可以被看作为属于另一认知结构,因此可成为新的认知原型。

＂Bounded＂ and ＂Unbounded＂ are the concepts of linguistics and antinomy in the philosophical sense. And they are the reflections of cognitive subject in time, space, traits and psychology. Through the analysis that the forms of language signs can reflect the characteristics of the objects themselves more or less may be explained, which can reflect the cognitive manners of the subjects in different extent and a series of syntactic phenomena which have the impact on the numbers. However, for the establishment of the concepts and the distinguishing between the two, cognitive domain must be adapted to in a certain de- gree. The concepts of ＂bounded＂ and ＂unbounded＂ should be ＂explained＂ subjectively. The infinite range of ＂quasi-- bounded＂ body exists between ＂bounded＂ and ＂unbounded＂. The cognitive body of ＂bounded＂ is the cognitive prototype, which has the gestalt features of being easy to learn, memorize and use. The cognitive body of ＂unbounded＂ can become a new cognitive prototype just because of being seen as another cognitive structure.