“二次生石灰”的微结构及作为文物加固剂的应用研究

Microstructure and application study of secondary calcined lime as consolidant for cultural relics

在研究二次生石灰微结构的基础上,探讨了以二次生石灰为基础胶结材料用于古代建筑和土遗址加固保护的可行性.二次生石灰的SEM观察结果表明:氢氧化钙经高温(650℃)锻烧以后,脱水成为一种直径为50 nm、长度为200 nm左右的针状纳米氧化钙;将这种纳米氧化钙消化后,会成为一种粒径在200～300nm左右、大小十分均匀的扁平椭圆状纳米氢氧化钙颗粒.同时,研究表明,二次生石灰的纳米级粒径和高反应活性,可以提高二次生石灰糯米灰浆的机械性能,并使二次生石灰-乙醇分散液具有良好的渗透性,较好地解决了传统石灰水加固剂溶解度较小和渗透性较差的问题,从而为土石砖等不可移动文物的基于传统石灰的加固技术提供了新的途径.

On the basis of study on microstructure of secondary calcined lime,this paper probes into applications of secondary calcined lime in conservation of cultural relics.SEM observations show that Ca（OH）2 is transformed into a kind of acicular CaO with diameter 50 nm and length 200 nm after being calcined,and this nanosized secondary CaO is transformed into an oval platelike Ca（OH）2 with size 200-300 nm after slaked.Meanwhile,research results indicate that nanosized particles and high reactivity of secondary calcined lime are responsible for superior properties of sticky rice-lime mortar and high permeability of Ca（OH）2-alcohol dispersions,and it is feasible that secondary calcined lime is used for consolidation of soil,stone and brick-based cultural heritage.