1997-2007年中国生态地租变化分析

Analysis on the Changes of Ecological Land Rent in China from 1997 to 2007

生态地租是衡量生态资源利用带来的社会经济效果的重要指标。以投入产出表和生态足迹为基础,分析中国1997-2007年生态地租变化情况。结果表明,1997-2007年中国各产业单位经济产出的生态地租量呈减少趋势,农林牧渔业,电、热及水生产和供应业单位经济产出的生态地租量明显高于其他产业;生态地租总量呈不断增加趋势,构成上以工矿业和农林牧渔业生态地租为主,生态地租在行业间转移越来越多;以2007年为对照组,总产出量、生态足迹和生物承载力以及农地面积等参数的变化引起生态地租显著变化,其中以农林牧渔业生态地租变化最为敏感。如果考虑生态地租的影响,人类消费产品价格将大幅增加,这相当于人类因过度攫取自然资源而应当支付的用于环境治理的高昂代价。

Ecological land rent is an important indicator to measure the social-economic effect of ecological resources utilization. On the basis of input-output table and ecological footprint, the change of ecological land rent in China from 1997 to 2007 was analyzed. The result shows that, in this period, the ecological land rent in per unit economy output decreased, and the quantity of ecological land rent in per unit economy output of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and production and supply of electric power, heat and water was much more than that of other industries. But the total number of ecological land rent still increased. And the ecological land rent of mining, quarrying and manufacturing industries, and that of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery were the main constitute proportions. In the meantime, ecological land rent greatly transferred between different industries. With the numbers of 2007 as a control group, in which the parameters such as total output, ecological footprint, bio-capacity and agricultural land area changed, would cause a significant change in ecological land rent. Among this, the change of the ecological land rent in per unit economy output of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery would be the most sensitive. Therefore, if considering the influence of ecological land rent, the price of consumption product will increase the most. This equals the high cost to be paid to improve the environment for excessive grabbing resources from nature by human.