论清代书院与科举之关系

The Relationship Between the Qing College and the Imperial Examination

清代书院的兴衰和清朝政府的态度具有很大关系,政府加强书院建设是为科举培养人才,书院只有和科举联系起来,才能获得发展,故清代书院表现出与科举同命运的特点,因科举的兴衰而兴衰,因科举的废除而改制,书院俨然成为科举的附庸,许多书院的条规都是围绕科举而制订的,如书院的活动安排和章程的制订,都以科举为中心,这说明书院终究摆脱不了时代的局限。

The Qing government’s attitude has a lot to do with the rise and fall of the Qing College and the government has strengthened the construction of the college to foster talent for the imperial examination.The Qing College can’t gain any development unless it is linked with the Imperial Examination.Therefore the Qing College and the Imperial examination are in the same boat,that is,as the vassal of the Imperial Examination,the Qing College will rise and fall with the rising and falling of the Imperial Examination and it will be restructured with the abolition of the Imperial Examination.Many regulations are formulated on the basis of the Imperial Examination,for example the arrangement of events and the development of constitutions are all centered on the Imperial Examination,which indicates that the Qing College cannot escape the limitation of age after all.