基于“精品课程”的课堂话语研究

An Analysis of Classroom Discourse Based On Competitive Courses

理论指导:会话分析理论和互动理论。方法:抽取广东外语外贸大学的三个精品课堂进行研究。研究的重点:主话语结构,话轮转换与教师话语。研究结果:精品课堂的课堂话语有以下三个特征:(1)课堂话语结构复杂,绝大多数是IR[I1R1(I2R2)]F和IR1F1/R2F2,会话内容更丰富;(2)课堂会话环境轻松,每个会话结构有8个以上的话轮,而且学生主动寻求话轮权、夺过话轮,扩展自己的回答;(3)教师提问主要表现为参考性提问而且教师提供了大量的积极反馈,因此在课堂上教师激发了学生的回答欲望,引发了更长更复杂的学生回答。

Based on Interaction Theory and Conversation Analysis Theory,this paper researches into three lessons from GDUFS Competitive Courses.The research focuses on three aspects： Discourse Structures,Turn-taking and Teacher Talk.It finds out that the discourse in Competitive Courses satisfies the following characteristics.Firstly,the discourse structure takes the form of IR[I1R1（I2R2）]F和IR1F1/R2F2,which is more complicated and complex than that in traditional classes.Secondly,teachers create more relaxing conversation environment in which students feel no reluctant to talk,therefore creates no less than eight turns in each discourse unit.Last but no least,teachers ask more referential questions and provide more positive feedback,and therefore initiate longer and more complicated student responses.