在押被告与律师会见通信权的保障与限制——以欧洲人权法院裁判为借镜

Secure and Control of the Jailed Defendant’s Access to Legal Advise:By Reference of the Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights

在押被告能够接触辩护律师并在不受监察的情况下进行会见通信,是达成有效辩护的关键,但基于监所秩序管理与刑事程序保全,又不能一概排除限制会见通信的措施。这里涉及不同目的之间的冲突和调和,在此欧洲人权法院裁判关于会见通信保障与限制的解释与运作值得参考。我国《刑事诉讼法》应确立自由交流权的立法基点,在押被告与辩护律师之间,应以会见通信不受监察为原则,限制会见通信为例外。监察措施应贯彻必要性和比例性原则,构建防止监察手段滥用的程序担保措施。

The jailed defendant’s access to legal advice and having a free communication with the attorney without supervision is of great importance to his/her defense in court.However,because of jail’s administration and criminal security measures,it seems that control or restraint cannot be excluded absolutely from the attorney-defendant communication where exist conflict and reconciliation of different purposes. Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights concerning access to legal advice are thus worth of referring to.China’s criminal procedural law should take free legal advice as its foothold and establish the principle that attorney-defendant-in-custody communications are without supervision with exception of controlled ones.Supervisory measures must not be abused or taken without requirement or out of proportion.