人工调整月经周期对女大学生有氧能力和下肢爆发力的影响

The Influence of Manual Adjustment of Menstrual Cycle on the Aerobic Capacity and Lower Limb Power in College Female Students

目的:探讨口服妈富隆和敏定偶调整月经周期后对女大学生有氧能力和下肢爆发力的影响,为女运动员合理用药调整月经周期提供理论支持。方法:上海体育学院运动科学学院本科女生16人为受试对象,年龄19.2±0.8岁,体重51.5±5.6公斤。将受试者随机分为妈富隆组和敏定偶组,每组8人。受试者于自然月经周期第2天起,按药物说明书分别服用妈富隆和敏定偶,每晚1片,服用21天。受试者分别在服药前一周期的第7±1天(B7)、12±1天(B12)、23±1天(B23),服药期间第12±1天(D12)、23±1天(D23)和停药后下一月经周期的第7±1天(A7)清晨,上臂静脉抽血测量血红蛋白(Hb)、睾酮(T)、皮质醇(C),同时测试VO2max、PWC170和下肢爆发力。结果:两组受试者血C分别在服药第12天和第23天高于服药前一月经周期第12天和第23天(B12 vs D12,B23 vs D23),有统计学意义;两组服药第12天(B12 vs D12)及妈富隆组第23天(B23 vs D23)较服药前一月经周期相同时间T/C显著降低,但两种药物间差异无统计学意义;两组服药前后及两种药物间T、Hb、VO2max、PWC170和下肢爆发力变化无统计学意义。结论:妈富隆和敏定偶能提高血C水平、降低T/C值,提示比赛期当月尽量避免调整月经周期;当人工调整一个月经周期时,妈富隆和敏定偶对最大摄氧量、PWC170、下肢爆发力无明显影响。

Objective We studied the influence of Marvelon and Minulet pills on the VO2max,PWC170 and the power of lower limbs,in order to offer theoretical reference and practical methods for scientifically adjusting menstrual cycle.Methods Sixteen females,ages 19.2 ± 0.8yr,and weighted 51.5±5.6kg,from Shanghai University of Sport were stochastically and equally divided into Marvelon group and Minulet group.The pills were orally administrated to all subjects from the second day of the menstruation,and lasted for 21 days.Blood was sampled from the subjects to analyze the Hb,T,and C,and the exercise performance in the morning of the 7th,12th,and 23rd before,and the 12th,23rd day after the administration of the pills,and the 7th days of menstrual bleeding after withdrawing the pills.Results（1）C increased significantly at day 12 and 23 during administration of the pills with on any differences between Marvelon and Minulet groups;（2）The T/C decreased significantly at day 12 during administration of Marvelon and Minulet pills,at the day 23 during administration of Marvelon pills;（3）There was no difference in T/C between the Marvelon and Minulet groups;（4）VO2max,PWC170 and the strength of lower limb remained unchanged in the Marvelon and Minulet groups.Conclusion Marvelon and Minulet could increase the levels of C and T/C,and thus for female athletics it would be better not to artificially regulate the menstrual cycle during the competition,and not to take the pills continuously for a long period of time.However,Marvelon and Minulet had no influence on the VO2max,PWC170 and the power of lower limbs in a single cycle.