船舶压载水中浮游生物种类组成及丰度变化

Variation of plankton species and abundance in ballast water and sediments

为了解国内装载船舶压载水中浮游生物种类组成和丰度变化规律,对蛇口到拉斯坦努拉和大连到厦门两个航线的压载水进行调查研究.结果表明:压载水中浮游生物种类组成和丰度主要与其加载海域中的生物组成有关;航行时间和航行过程中温度变化对浮游生物的丰度影响较大;温度突然升高是休眠细胞突增的一个主要原因,休眠细胞的产生是复杂外界条件共同作用的结果;国际航线的压载水对目的港的入侵风险较国内航线高,但国内航线压载水的危害仍不容忽视.

Investigations of plankton species and abundance in ballast water during international voyage from Shekou to Ras Tanura and domestic voyage from Dalian to Xiamen were performed to study their variation in ballast water,especially in voyages beginning from Chinese coasts. Results show that the species and abundance of plankton in ballast water are mainly related with the biological composition in loaded area.The navigation time and temperature have great influence on abundance of plankton.Temperature rising is one of key factors which leads to suddenly increasing of rest cells,and the forming process of rest cells in ballast water tank is a complicated one.The plankton species in international route show more invasion tendency than that in domestic route.However,the potential destroy of ecological balance on plankton species composition should be emphasized in domestic route.