四川省中小城镇及农村地区成人牙本质敏感的临床特征及危险因素分析

Cross-sectional study of dentine hypersensitivity in smaller cities and rural area in Sichuan province

目的分析四川省中小城镇及农村地区成人牙本质敏感的临床特征及危险因素，以期为牙本质敏感的防治提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法，对四川省中小城镇及农村地区进行成人牙本质敏感的流行病学调查，所有被检查者均需回答年龄、刷牙方法及酸性来源等内容，并通过冷空气检测判断是否为牙本质敏感。口腔检查和问卷内容采用Logistic回归分析牙本质敏感的危险因素。结果本次调查共纳入1163人，324名受检者患有牙本质敏感，敏感牙数共1038颗。第一前磨牙为牙本质敏感最好发牙位，占敏感牙齿的29．96％（311／1038）；敏感牙齿最好发部位为暴露的牙根面，占总敏感牙齿的63．87％（663／1038），不同牙位患病部位具有各自的特征，性别、牙刷使用时间长、患有胃返酸是本次调查人群牙本质敏感的危险因素（OR值分别为2．175、1．157、1．760）。结论牙本质敏感是受多因素影响的口腔疾病，对其防治应从提高口腔健康措施、防治牙周疾病等多方面进行。

Objective To investigate the elinical characteristics and risk factors of dentine hypersensitivity in smaller cities and rural area in Sichuan province. Methods The examinee aged 20-69 years old were interviewed and divided into five age groups （20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69）. The random sampling methods were performed in this study. A total of eight spots were survled, including 4 conmmnities and 4 spots in rural area of Sichuan province. The information about the examinee＇s age, gender, occupation, education level, tooth brushing methods, the frequencies of eating fresh fruits and fruit juices and so on, were asked and recorded. All subjects were further diagnosed by a blast of air from a triple syringe connected to an air compressor at a pressure of 4 arm under room temperature of about 19-24 ℃. Results The premolars were the most commonly affected, followed by the first molar. The exposed root surface was the most commonly affected position[ 63.87% （663/1038） ]. The first premolar had the greatest number of teeth with dentine hypersensitivity[29. 96% （311/1038）]. Different tooth had different sensitive position. Female, too much time of using a tooth brush, and hydrochloric acid in gastric juice were risk factors for dentine hypersensitivity （OR value = 2. 175, 1. 157, 1. 760 ）. Conclusions Dentine hypersensitivity is influenced by multiple factors. Prevention and treatment need be performed by improving general oral health and periodontal conditions.