黄鳝组织脂肪含量变动规律研究

A Study on the Dynamics of the Lipid Content in Tissues of Rice Field Eel,Monopterus albus

采用氯仿甲醇法（V氯仿∶V甲醇=2∶1）提取黄鳝肌肉、肝脏和性腺总脂,研究结果显示黄鳝肌肉、肝脏和卵巢组织脂肪周年变动范围分别为1.12%~1.61%、2.76%~4.16%和1.94%~6.57%。黄鳝肌肉脂肪含量秋冬季较高,而春夏季较低;肝脏脂肪含量在夏、秋二季高,越冬期基本没消耗;卵巢脂肪含量夏季显著高于其它季节。相同季节中,黄鳝肌肉中脂肪含量个体较大的较高,特别是在冬季更为明显;肝脏中的脂肪含量受黄鳝个体大小的影响不显著;而卵巢脂肪含量在春、夏季节,个体越大含量越高,而秋、冬季节差异不显著。肌肉组织是黄鳝脂肪的主要贮存组织,肌肉脂肪越冬期消耗大,卵巢发育期肌肉脂肪含量与卵巢脂肪含量呈负相关,肌肉贮存的脂肪有转移到卵巢的现象。肝脏不是黄鳝脂肪的主要贮存组织,脂肪含量高低主要与个体生理活动强度大小相关。春季到夏季雌黄鳝摄取的营养主要保证卵巢发育,夏季到秋季黄鳝摄取的能量部分贮存于肌肉组织中。黄鳝组织中的脂肪含量与生长、繁殖和越冬等密切相关。

Using the method of chloroform methanol（V chloroform∶V methanol=2∶1） to extract total lipid of muscle,liver and gonads of rice field eel（Monopterus albus）,the results showed that the annual changes of lipid in rice field eel muscle,liver and ovary were in the range 1.12%-1.61%,2.76%-4.16% and 1.94%-6.57%,respectively.Eel muscle lipid content was low in spring and summer and high in autumn and winter;liver lipid content in summer and autumn was high,there was almost no consumption during the period from winter to spring;ovarian lipid content was significantly higher in summer than in other seasons.In the same season,the larger the body size,the higher the lipid content in both muscle and ovarian tissue,it was more obvious for the former in autumn and winter,and for the latter in spring and summer,but this case did not happen in liver.Muscle was the main fat storage tissue of rice field eel.Lipid in muscle was consumed in winter significantly,while during the stages of gonad development the lipid in muscle was probably transferred