哈尼族大母神塔婆与汉族女始祖女娲的比较研究

A Comparative Research on Ta-Po,the Great Mother of the Hani Nationality,and Nu-Wa,the Female Ancestor in the Han Nationality Mythology

塔婆是哈尼族神话传说中生育众物、传承人种的大母神形象,广泛存在于哈尼族口传文学、父子联名谱系及其节庆活动之中;而女娲则是中华主体民族汉族神话传说中的女始祖,她造人、补天、治水、置婚姻、作笙簧,创造了诸多历史功绩。但和塔婆比较,女娲虽然声名显赫,却不具备现实意义和生命力量,而且,因为经过了父权文化的精心改造,女娲形象和塔婆形象相比,缺乏真实性、原始性和兼容性。

Ta -Po is the Great Mother, an image of bearing all things and inheriting the birth of racial in the myth and legend of the Hani nationality, who exists widely in oral literature, the father - and - son＇ s name joint in a lineage, and the festival activities of Hani nationality. Nu - Wa is the Female Ancestor in Chinese myth and legend of the Hart nationality, the main nationality of China. She created the human beings, mended the sky, prevented floods by controlling water, arranged marriage, made reed mouthpiece, and created many historical merits. But in comparison with Ta - Po, Nu - Wa, although prominent, does not have practical significance and life force; and because the elaborated reconstruction came from the patriarchal culture, Nu - Wa＇ s image lacks the authenticity, the origin, and the compatibility.