黄藤材的真菌变色

Fungal Staining of Daemonorops margaritae Canes

黄藤（Daemonorops margaritae）,是我国热带和南亚热带森林中的主要伴生植物,是我国的优良商品棕榈藤种,为中国特有种（许煌灿等,1994a）。天然分布以海南岛为中心。

The new felled fresh cane of Daemonorops margaritae is attractive yellowish white or creamy,but often change color during the course of transportation,storage,processing and utilization.Through the chemical composition analysis,the scanning electron microscope observation and the stain-fungi inoculation test of normal cane,the causes and types of the rattan cane are discussed,which is important for further research in preventing and removing the cane discoloration.Results showed that：1） The cane＇s yellow discoloration was mainly chemical discoloration or photodiscoloration.The cane＇s blue,dark-brown and red stains were mainly caused by fungi,since there were always much fungus mycelia in the vessel and basic parenchyma tissue cells of the stained canes.2） Compared with the normal cane,the extractive contents in all items of the fungal stained cane were decreased,and the pH value,the content of moisture,pentosan,holocellulose and ash were all increased.The chemical compositions of the core had greater change than the cortex,which indicated that the stain-fungi had greater influence on the core than on the cortex.3） Fifteen fungi species were mainly isolated from the stained canes.After being inoculated with these fungi respectively,weight loss of all the normal canes was a little,but changed color greatly.The discoloration of the inoculated cane was consistent with the color of the stained cane from which the inoculating fungi were separated.Considering the stain-fungal cultivating characteristics,the blue,dark-brown and red discolorations of D.margaritae cane were mainly resulted from the colors of the stain-fungal mycelia or the pigments secreted by the stain-fungi such as melanin.