许昌市饮水型氟中毒流行分布及干预情况调查

Fluoride in drinking water and endemic fluorosis in Xuchang,Henan

目的为了澄清许昌市饮水型地方性氟中毒的流行现状及干预措施落实情况,为防制地方性氟中毒提供科学依据。方法对全市所有自然村进行高氟水源筛查,随机抽取30%的水氟超标村进行儿童氟斑牙患病情况调查,对筛查出的所有水氟超标村的改水措施落实情况进行问卷调查。结果许昌市共筛查出645个水氟超标村,8~12岁儿童氟斑牙的总检出率为35.84%;氟斑牙流行指数为0.69;缺损率为4.38%,流行强度以轻度为主,水氟超标村改水率为31.40%。结论许昌市饮水型地方性氟中毒流行分布情况发生了很大变化,目前的改水措施落实情况不能满足防制要求。

Objective To analyze fluoride concentration in drinking water and endemic fluorosis in Xuchang,Henan,and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of endemic fluorosis.Methods The fluoride concentration of drinking water was tested for all villages in Xuchang,Henan.The method of random sampling was applied to select 30% of villages that with high fluoride concentration in drinking water.The children of selected villages were checked with endemic fluorosis.Results There were 12.05%（645/ 5 323） villages with higher fluoride concentration in drinking water than that of reference level in Xuchang,Henan.The rate of dental fluorosis was 35.84% for children aged 8 to 12 in villages with high fluoride concentration in drinking water.The average index of dental fluorosis was 0.69.31.40% of villages with high fluoride concentration in drinking water changed the sources of water supply after the surveillance.Conclusion New source of drinking water should be provided for villages with high fluoride in drinking water.