性别变乱与文学书写——隆庆二年山西男子化女事件的叙事研究

Sexual Displacement and Literary Creation: A Study of the Narration of a Man's Transformation into a Woman in Shanxi in the Second Year of Longqing Period of the Ming Dynasty

明穆宗隆庆二年,山西太原府静乐县发生了一起男子化女事件。出于某些原因,此事件在当时轰动朝野,并在官史、私史、诗歌、笔记、通俗小说当中都留下了面貌各异的叙述。王世贞、刘凤、徐应雷等人的诗歌秉承灾异话语的正统观念,从现实关怀出发,将性别变乱当作政治腐败和道德沦丧的隐喻,构成了"李良雨事件"之书写历史的主流。《型世言》等小说作品则从民众趣味出发,对此事加以生活化和娱乐化的想象和改编,从而构成对主流叙事的消解和颠覆。此外,还有些士人热衷于对此事件的理性思考,表现了传统思想中蕴含的格物精神。

In the second year of Longqing Period of the Ming dynasty,Jingle County of Taiyuan Fu in Shanxi saw a man's transformation into a woman.Due to various reasons,this event caused a sensation in the country and there were different narrations about it in different history books,essays,poems and popular novels.Some poems written by Wang Shizhen,Liu Feng,Xu Yinglei and others followed the tradition and regarded it as a disaster in connection with the political corruption and ethical degradation in those days,which was the dominant narration of the 'Li Liangyu Story'.The popular novels catered to the taste of the common people and changed the story for entertainment with rich imagination,which was a subversion of the dominant narration.Besides,some scholars had their rational analysis of it,which embodied the traditional inquiry spirit.