婴幼儿巨细胞病毒肝炎相关因素的调查分析

Relative Factors of Infantile Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis

目的了解婴幼儿巨细胞病毒肝炎的相关因素。方法对215例巨细胞病毒肝炎患儿及其父母亲采用自行设计的调查表进行问卷调查。其内容包括：年龄（1~3个月4、~12个月）、性别（男、女）、居住地（城市、农村）及父母亲的文化程度（初中及以下、高中及以上）、有无母亲人巨细胞病毒感染情况等。采用荧光定量-聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR）法检测215例患儿及其母乳人巨细胞病毒-DNA水平。Logistic回归分析婴幼儿巨细胞病毒肝炎的相关因素。结果母乳人巨细胞病毒-DNA检测阳性161例（74.9%）,其中患儿尿人巨细胞病毒-DNA检测阳性118例（73.3%）;母乳人巨细胞病毒-DNA检测阴性54例（25.1%）,其中患儿尿人巨细胞病毒-DNA检测阳性25例（46.3%）,二者患儿尿人巨细胞病毒-DNA检测阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果显示,患儿年龄及居住地、父母亲的文化程度、母亲人巨细胞病毒感染情况均为巨细胞病毒肝炎的相关因素。结论改善生活条件,提高父母素质,尽早做孕前巨细胞病毒感染诊断与治疗,是降低巨细胞病毒肝炎发生率的有效的防治措施。

Objective To understand the relative factors of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis.Methods Two hundred and fifteen cases of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis and their parents were investigated by self-designed questionnaire.The data investigated included the age（1-3 months and 4-12 months）,sex（male and female）,residence（urban and rural）,parents＇ level of education（junior high school and below,high school and above）,and mothers＇ status of human cytomegalovirus infection.Human cytomegalovirus DNA levels in infants and their mothers＇ milk were detected by FQ-PCR.The relative factors influencing infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results The detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA in mothers＇ milk was positive in 161 cases（74.9%） and negative in 54 cases（25.1%）.The among detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA in infant urine was positive in 118 cases（73.3%） and positive in 25 cases（46.3%）.There was statistically significart difference in urinary human cytomegalovirus-DNA positive rate（P0.05）.Logistic regression analysis showed that infant age,residence,parents＇ level of education,and mothers＇ status of human cytomegalovirus infection affected the occurrence of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis.Conclusion Improving living conditions,raising quality of the parents,and pre-pregnancy diagnosis and treatment as early as possible are the effective measures to reduce the incidence of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis.