供体年龄对德国肉用美利奴羊超数排卵及胚胎移植效果的影响

Effects of Germany Merino Sheep Age on the Superovulation and Embryo Transplantation

提高绵羊体内胚胎生产的效率对促进优良品种扩繁及良种推广具有重要意义。为充分利用不同年龄段良种德国肉用美利奴羊,试验选用青年（18月龄,配种未受胎）、老龄（60~72月龄,经产）以及幼龄母羊（7月龄,性成熟前）做供体,用改进的程序进行超数排卵,研究供体年龄与超数排卵和胚胎移植效果的关系。结果表明：①青年、老龄组母羊超排后只均可用胚数分别为10.9枚、10.3枚,显著高于幼龄母羊的6.0枚。青年、老龄组母羊的胚胎经移植后受胎率分别为71.6%、58.3%,显著高于幼龄组的41.7%。②幼龄、青年组回收的胚胎中囊胚所占比例显著高于老龄组,说明幼龄、青年组供体的胚胎发育速度显著快于老龄供体。③青年、老龄组母羊超排前预注小剂量FSH,卵巢黄体数目明显增多,说明能提高超排效果。本试验优化了德国美利奴羊的超排程序,证明年龄显著影响德国美利奴羊的超排效果及胚胎质量,为进一步提高绵羊胚胎移植效率提供了参考依据。

Embryo manufacturing efficiency played an important role in improved breeds reproduction and extension.Adult ewes（18 months old,Breeding,no 1 pregnancy）,aging ewes（60~72 months old） and young ewes（7 months old,before sexual maturity） were used as donors to study the relationship between donor age and superovulation and embryo transplantation with improved superovulanion procedures.The results showed：① available embryoes of adult,aging group after superovulation were respectively 10.9 and 10.3,significantly higher than that of young ewes（6.0）.Tbe pregnancy rate of adult,aging group after embryo transplantation were 71.6%,58.3%,respectively,significantly higher than that of the young group（41.7%）;②the proportion of salvage of blastocyst in the young group and adult group were significantly higher than that of the aging group,indicating that the development rates of youth group and adult group donor embryo were significantly faster than that of the aging donor;③ The injection of small dose of FSH before superovulation in youth and aging group significantly increased the number of corpus luteum,indicated that the superovulation could be improved.Superovulation procedures in Germany Merino Sheep were optimized.It was proved that the age significantly affected superovulation and embryo quality and it could be a reference in improving the efficiency of sheep embryo transplantation.