“故事下的故事”——张爱玲作品的叙事分析

Stories in Stories-Analysis on the Narrative in Eileen Chang's Works

只从题材的角度研究张爱玲的作品,是一种浅尝辄止的社会历史分析方法。如果转而从叙事学的角度来观察,则会发现张爱玲讲述的其实是女性与男性关系的故事,并在二元对立的故事结构之下,隐藏着一个关于女性再生的神话,构成"故事下的故事"。张爱玲的作品揭示出,在生存勇气、智慧与创造文明方面,女性高于男人,从而显现出女性的巨大人性之光。突破题材限制,进入故事结构层面对张爱玲的故事进行叙事分析,是打开了其作品的第一层意义。进而突破到"故事下的故事",看到那个现象的再生的故事是如何影响与制约着张爱玲的叙事活动的,方打开了其作品更深一层的意义。

This article assumes that studying Eileen Chang's works from the perspective of subject matters is merely a kind of social criticism that is shallow and superficial.If proceeding from the point of narratology,Eileen Chang's stories dwell on the relations between women and men.Under the structure of binary opposition between women and men,there is a myth about the revival of women,which forms stories in stories.This myth about women,with its rhetoric and evaluative functions,deems that women excel men in the courage for facing life,wisdom,and creation of civilization,and thus embodying the great humanistic power of women.