孤独症儿童与正常儿童乳牙龋病及相关因素的调查

Investigation of the current status of deciduous caries in autistic children and normal hildren at the age of 3～6 years and the relation with some possible impact factors

目的:探讨3～6岁孤独症儿童与正常儿童乳牙患龋状况及其相关因素。方法:采取整群抽样的方法对哈尔滨市93名孤独症儿童及207名正常儿童进行口腔检查,并对其家长进行问卷调查。结果:孤独症儿童与正常儿童乳牙患龋率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),龋均差异无统计学意义(P>0.1)。其中正常儿童乳牙患龋率71.50%,龋均3.360;孤独症儿童乳牙患龋率59.14%,龋均3.245。二者相比较,孤独症儿童吃甜食频率较低,且多由其家长帮助刷牙;正常儿童开始刷牙的时间更早,大多数家长能够定期带孩子到医院做口腔健康检查。结论:加强对家长及儿童口腔卫生保健知识的指导,培养科学的饮食方式及良好的口腔卫生习惯可有效预防乳牙龋病。

Objective： To investigate the current status of deciduous caries in population with autistic disorder and normal at the age of 3～6 years and the relation with some possible impact factors.Method： The analytical methods mainly included oral examination and questionnaire towards 93 autistic children and 207 normal children of Harbin.Result： The caries prevalance rate of normal children was significantly higher than autistic children（P 0.05）.There was no significant difference of the mean decayed-missing-filled teeth（dmft） between autistic children and normal children（P 0.1）.The caries prevalance rate in normal children is 71.50 %,and the mean dmft was 3.360.The caries prevalance rate in autistic children is 59.14 %,and the mean dmft was 3.245.Both compared,the reasons were consumption of less sugar by autistic children and the care by their parents who brushed their child＇s teeth.We also found that normal children began brushing their teeth earlier,and most can regularly to go to hospital for oral health examination.Conclusion： Oral health education in children and parents should be further strengthened to improve healthy food styles and oral habits,so as to prevent primary dental caries.