植物抗病基因(R)与病原物无毒基因(Avr)相互作用机制的研究进展

Interaction Mechanism between Plant Resistance Gene and Pathogen Avirulence Gene

PTI和ETI是植物在长期进化过程中形成的两类抵抗病原物的机制。"基因对基因"假说的抗病方式属于ETI抗性机制的一种,该假说认为具有保守NB-LRR结构域的R蛋白识别病原物非保守的无毒蛋白效应子(Avr),激活防卫反应信号途径,导致过敏性坏死。植物抗病基因(R)与病原菌无毒基因(Avr)产物间的直接或间接相互作用而产生的"基因对基因"抗性是植物抗病性的重要形式,该文对植物抗病蛋白与无毒蛋白相互作用机制进行了综述。其中,间接相互作用模式是主要方式。

Plants have developed two types of mechanism of disease resistance to pathogens in evolutionary processes, which are PAMP-triggered immunity （PTI） and effector-triggered immunity （ETI）. Disease resistance based on gene-for-gene hypothesis is one type of ETI. Conserved NB-LRR R proteins of plants recognized variable Avr proteins of pathogens then activate signaling and result in hypersensitive response. Gene-for-gene resistance is displayed by indirect or direct interaction between products of both resistance gene and avirulence gene. This paper reviews progresses on R/Avr recognition mechanisms with highlighting that indirect interaction of R protein and Avr protein is the main type of interaction between pathogen and host.