氢等离子体还原制备纳米镍粉/铜粉研究

Preparation of Ni and Cu nanopowders by hydrogen plasma reduction

通过氢等离子体一步还原碱式碳酸盐制备了纳米金属镍粉和铜粉,并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)检测了产物的纯度、晶体结构、颗粒尺寸和形貌。分析了氢等离子体还原合成金属粉体的过程。结果表明:产物为纯相的金属镍粉和部分氧化的铜粉,粒度均匀、分散性好,平均粒径约为100 nm。氢等离子体还原过程是一个蒸发–气相还原–沉积的过程。碱式碳酸盐的还原产物为无毒的二氧化碳和水,易于与产物金属粉分离。此工艺将是一种批量生产纳米镍粉和铜粉的理想途径。

Ni and Cu nanopowders were synthesized by reducing basic carbonate in the hydrogen plasma environment.The purity,crystal structure,particle size and morphology of the prepared nanopowders were characterized with X-ray diffractometer（XRD） and field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）,and the reduction process in the hydrogen plasma environment was analyzed.The results show that the obtained Ni and Cu nanopowders are pure Ni and partially oxidized Cu powders,respectively,contain few agglomerates and show a uniform particle size which is about 100 nm.The reduction process is found to be an evaporation-reduction-deposition process.The by-products of the reduction reaction of basic carbonate are CO2 and H2O,which are non-toxic and can be easily removed from metallic nanopowders.The technique used in this study is a potential way to the mass production of Ni and Cu nanopowders.